# Internet

You will need internet access for your home server and the devices connecting to it. Your [Internet Service Provider](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_service_provider) (ISP) is the primary factor leading to the quality and stability of your server connection.

## Connection

Outside of your hardware, your internet connection dictates how many people can access your server as well as their connection quality, stability and uptime. There are many different consumer options for connecting your home to the World Wide Web.

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</td><td class="align-left" style="height: 43.6px; border-width: 0px; padding: 5px;">**[Fiber](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber-optic_communication)**

This is one of the fastest internet connections available, utilizing light to rapidly transmit data over long distances.

</td></tr><tr style="height: 43.6px;"><td class="align-center" style="height: 43.6px; border-width: 0px; padding: 5px;"><span class="material-symbols-outlined">Cable</span></td><td class="align-left" style="height: 43.6px; border-width: 0px; padding: 5px;">**[Cable](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cable_Internet_access)**

Fast and cost-effective, this form of internet that uses television infrastructure to transmit data to a local internet provider.

</td></tr><tr style="height: 43.6px;"><td class="align-center" style="height: 43.6px; border-width: 0px; padding: 5px;"><span class="material-symbols-outlined">satellite\_alt</span></td><td class="align-left" style="height: 43.6px; border-width: 0px; padding: 5px;">[**Satellite**](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_Internet_access)

Available in even the most remote areas, this internet connection occurs through satellites in orbit around the planet.

</td></tr><tr style="height: 43.6px;"><td class="align-center" style="height: 43.6px; border-width: 0px; padding: 5px;"><span class="material-symbols-outlined">Wifi\_tethering</span></td><td class="align-left" style="height: 43.6px; border-width: 0px; padding: 5px;">[**Wireless Broadband**](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_broadband)

This allows devices to connect to a wireless network broadcast over a large area by an internet service provider.

</td></tr><tr style="height: 43.6px;"><td class="align-center" style="height: 43.6px; border-width: 0px; padding: 5px;"><span class="material-symbols-outlined">settings\_phone</span></td><td class="align-left" style="height: 43.6px; border-width: 0px; padding: 5px;">[**DSL**](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_subscriber_line)

One of the first consumer options, this connection uses telephone infrastructure to transmit data.

</td></tr><tr style="height: 43.6px;"><td class="align-center" style="height: 43.6px; border-width: 0px; padding: 5px;"><span class="material-symbols-outlined">Signal\_cellular\_alt</span></td><td class="align-left" style="height: 43.6px; border-width: 0px; padding: 5px;">[**Mobile Broadband**](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_broadband)

Quickly gaining in popularity, this internet option uses wireless cellular data infrastructure to create a local area network for your devices.

</td></tr></tbody></table>

We recommend a hardwired internet connection such as cable or fiber because they are more reliable. Wireless connections like satellite and mobile broadband can be heavily reliant on other external factors like congestion and weather.

Your exact upload and download speed needs will depends on what services you're hosting and for how many people. For a home server serving your immediate family, here is a good starting point:

<table border="1" class="align-center" id="bkmrk-download-download-mi" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 600px; border-width: 0px; height: 261.6px; border-spacing: 5px;"><colgroup><col style="width: 7.02367%;"></col><col style="width: 92.9744%;"></col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height: 43.6px;"><td class="align-center" style="height: 43.6px; border-width: 0px; padding: 5px;"><span class="material-symbols-outlined">Download</span>

</td><td class="align-left" style="height: 43.6px; border-width: 0px; padding: 5px;">**Download**

*Minimum:* 200Mbps

*Recommended:* 1,000Mbps

</td></tr><tr style="height: 43.6px;"><td class="align-center" style="height: 43.6px; border-width: 0px; padding: 5px;"><span class="material-symbols-outlined">Upload</span></td><td class="align-left" style="height: 43.6px; border-width: 0px; padding: 5px;">**Upload**

*Minimum:* 20Mbps

*Recommended:* 200Mbps

</td></tr></tbody></table>

Gigabit connection speeds are recommended for media servers, but low-bandwidth websites may perform acceptably at slower speeds.

Depending on your Internet service provider and connection type, there may be restrictions on how much data can be transmitted outside your network.

## Self-Hosting

You are not breaking any laws by self-hosting a server at home. However, not all ISPs expressly permit web hosting from residential internet connections. While a few embrace self-hosting, many others choose not to advertise the feature. Unfortunately, ISPs are more frequently directly blocking the required ports for running a Web server.

Each Internet Service Provider has their own rules and regulations about server hosting on residential contracts. Business contracts are more costly, but explicitly allow web-hoating and come with a stable public IP address.

Your provider may have additional stipulations regarding the nature of the content. Self-hosting personal services may draw less attention than for-profit commercial storefronts. Controversial content mady be explicitly censored as a result of your Internet Service Provider.

<p class="callout danger">Before proceeding, you must understand the terms of your agreement with your internet service provider. </p>

### Restricted Access

If your ISP blocks web server hosting, there are options to connect while away from home. When feasible, upgrading to a business plan may expressly permit web hosting.

Alternatively, configuring a [CloudFlare tunnel](https://developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/connections/connect-networks/) may circumvent the block by channeling web traffic through their remote servers first. They explicitly [forbid using this service for transferring multimedia](https://www.cloudflare.com/en-gb/service-specific-terms-application-services/#content-delivery-network-terms).

Finally, hosting your own VPN server – or utilizing your routers – will allow your devices to remotely connect to your [Local Area Network](https://hub.subspace.services/books/world-wide-web/page/what-are-computer-networks "What are Computer Networks?"). This means that remotely-connected devices can interact with computers on your network as if you were at home.