Setting Up Your Graphics Card
The Debian operating system comes with innate support for many AMD, Nvidia and Intel graphics hardware. Depending on the manufacturer, the open-source driver's hardware integration and functionality can be limited until proprietary drivers are installed.
AMD/ATI
Modern AMD graphics (2015 or later) are fully supported and run stable out-of-the-box using the open-source AMDGPU software maintained by Debian.
AMD provide their own proprietary drivers, but they can cause system instability and should be avoided.
Intel
Integrated graphics, like those found in Intel processors since 1999, are fully supported and run stable out-of-the-box using X.org's Intel Graphics Driver. While older models require a different driver, they are still fully supported.
Nvidia
Nvidia graphics card drivers are partly closed-source and owned solely by Nvidia. While Debian can support basic features
Nouveau